Plain Governance in practice

Applying Plain Governance

Use the framework to explain, design, or assess your arrangements. Start with the questions relevant to your purpose. Each section offers guidance and a tool you can use to record your account.

01

Examine a role or arrangement

Describe the role, what is assigned to it, its relationships with other roles, and the instruments that establish these arrangements. A single responsibility or relationship can be expressed in a sentence; a map shows how several parts of an arrangement connect.

  • Who holds the role, and in what capacity do they act?
  • What responsibilities, duties, powers, and authority are assigned?
  • To whom must they give an account, and for what?
  • Which instruments establish these arrangements, and how do they operate in practice?

Record the arrangement as a diagram, table, or set of statements.

Map an arrangement

02

Assess an arrangement in practice

Record what happened, the requirements that applied, the evidence, and the grounds for your assessment.

  • What act does the arrangement enable people to perform?
  • Does the arrangement exist, and is it accepted within the organisation?
  • Are the people and circumstances appropriate? Is the arrangement carried out correctly and completely?
  • What attitudes or subsequent conduct does the arrangement require?
  • What was accomplished, in what respect did it fail, and how serious was the failure?

Bring your evidence and reasons together in a recorded assessment.

Examine an arrangement in practice

03

Design decision-making arrangements

Identify the qualities sought in a decision and examine or specify the arrangements needed to support them.

  • Which qualities are sought in the decision?
  • Which instrument gives the role or body authority, and does the decision fall within its scope?
  • What information and contributions must be available?
  • What steps must be completed before this decision?
  • Who will carry out the decision, and what must be brought back for review or a further decision?

Record the requirements and the governance arrangements that will support them.

Specify decision-making arrangements

04

Write or review a policy

Examine what each provision does, clarify its wording, and record the reasons for proposed changes.

  • Which arrangements must the policy establish, record, or explain?
  • What does each provision do: commit, require, permit, assign, or explain?
  • Can each reader identify what applies to them and what they must do?
  • Do the requirements, authority, related instruments, and practical circumstances work together?

Record the provision’s wording, reasons for revision, and unresolved matters.

Examine a policy provision

Evidence and reasons for judgement

Identify the instruments, evidence, and circumstances that support your account. Record unresolved matters and explain what would be needed to settle them. A completed checklist can leave important questions about practice or effectiveness open.

Plain Governance, developed by Dr Julien Maréchal. © 2026 The Governance Practice.

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